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4 years ago by greedo

Just because it's classified doesn't mean it's valuable. Lots of stuff is classified for bureaucratic reasons. Also, there's little about the Challenger 2 that opposing forces couldn't have researched. The tank itself has been around for more than 2 decades, and the Soviets/Russians have been consistently able to penetrate British security for the last 70 years.

The gun is nothing special, and it's performance is well known. Chobbham/Dorcester armor has been around for quite awhile, and isn't unique. The US has sold M1s to Egypt, Iraq etc with Chobbham armor.

4 years ago by adolph

Chobham armour is the informal name of a composite armour developed in the 1960s at the British tank research centre on Chobham Common, Surrey. The name has since become the common generic term for composite ceramic vehicle armour. Other names informally given to Chobham armour include "Burlington" and "Dorchester." "Special armour" is a broader informal term referring to any armour arrangement comprising "sandwich" reactive plates, including Chobham armour.

Although the construction details of the Chobham armour remain a secret, it has been described as being composed of ceramic tiles encased within a metal framework and bonded to a backing plate and several elastic layers. Owing to the extreme hardness of the ceramics used, they offer superior resistance against shaped charges such as high explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rounds and they shatter kinetic energy penetrators.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chobham_armour

4 years ago by npsomaratna

Out of curiosity: suppose a modern tank was (magically) transported to WWII. Would it be essentially invincible against the weapons of that era?

(Addendum: I do appreciate that repeated weapons impacts will degrade any type of armor over time.)

4 years ago by glenneroo

Your question reminds me of Rome Sweet Rome: https://www.reddit.com/r/RomeSweetRome/

It started out as someone on AskReddit asking how modern military would fare against ancient Roman military. The full story is on the right side of that sub-reddit under the section FAQ as a PDF, or here's the first section: https://www.reddit.com/r/AskReddit/comments/k067x/could_i_de...

A lot of people are still (after 9 years) waiting for the studio who acquired the rights to actually make a movie or a series based on the story (which Prufrock451 sold, good for him/her!). I for one hope Netflix/HBO/Amazon picks it up and makes a series out of it someday.

4 years ago by slongfield

No---an effective anti-tank weapon is a ditch: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-tank_trench

You might need to make a bigger one for a modern tank than a WWII tank, but the tools to make big holes have been around for a while.

4 years ago by throw1234651234

If you mean in tank-to-tank combat, then yes. Specifically, when deployed at night (thermals) on flats (firing out of enemy detection range) - it would be able to make its kills and retreat faster than it can be chased.

In direct combat, nothing short of a direct artillery hit (unlikely) could kill it or render it unable to defend itself in the short term. Let's say it got ambushed by 3 AT teams within 50 meters - the AT RPGs / recoil-less rifles of the time could do nothing to the armor, even rear.

In reality, any super-weapon, and its supply chain would be hit with massed artillery, bombing runs, and special forces.

It also has vulnerable optics and tracks as was mentioned earlier.

Furthermore, even if it took out 40 tanks (each round is a kill), it would not be significant in a major WWII engagement.

Btw, this topic has been discussed ad-nauseum elsewhere.

4 years ago by edaemon

Yes and no.

If the Germans had some well-fortified position only to see a T-72B3 fitted with explosive reactive armor and an active protection system roll in? Yes, in that case, the Germans are toast. In practical terms they would not be able to damage the tank.

It isn't invincible, though. The tracks on any tank are vulnerable and the engine is (relatively) fragile. A lucky HEAT shot or a well-placed anti-tank mine could disable it, though I don't they could score an outright kill.

4 years ago by greedo

Actually, there are no ceramics in Chobham armor.

https://below-the-turret-ring.blogspot.com/2016/03/chobham-a...

4 years ago by Groxx

While an interesting read: it's fairly clearly stated that they believe there were no ceramics in early Chobham armors. And some newer ones might, though probably not most, and that it's not particularly relevant to the effectiveness (i.e. it's an armor structural pattern, ceramic is orthogonal).

So it mostly supports your claim, since Wikipedia is rather focused on the ceramic aspect, but it's in a somewhat different context.

4 years ago by josh2600

It sounds like it's basically chainmail for tanks.

4 years ago by idiotsecant

it sounds like it's basically unlike chainmail in all possible ways!

4 years ago by virtue3

I believe you were thinking of brigandine.

4 years ago by jandrewrogers

FWIW, the armor on the export M1 is different than the US version.

4 years ago by greedo

Yes, but all M1s have Chobbham/Dorcester armor. Some additionally have DU (Depleted Uranium) inserts. The DU inserts are generally limited to US Army M1s.

4 years ago by AmVess

Export M1's do not have Chobham armor.

4 years ago by weare138

Chobham armor is just an informal/generic name for composite armor. The actual designs vary from tank to tank and are highly classified. There's no singular style of 'Chobham armor'.

4 years ago by duxup

I remember growing up watching the "military vehicle shows" on the Discovery channel when they just output all the various specs of every vehicle.

I think a lot of the general operating specs and such are pretty well known.

4 years ago by ChuckMcM

I was a huge fan of these sorts of shows as well! Having talked with folks who had full access to the specs however, my understanding is that there are specs and there are specs. Basically the specs that give advantage or could be exploited as weaknesses on the battlefield were classified whereas the kind of stuff you could deduce just by watching one operate in the field was not. So for example, seeing how far a tank could shoot by watching one compete, not classified. But 'how many' shootable things and 'what kind' it carries might be classified.

4 years ago by dylan604

There's also things like published max speeds, and then full military power speeds that are more closely held.

4 years ago by walshemj

Up to a point I recall some one who worked for RAE and was on Salisbury plain and their land rover was over taken at speed by a MBT (well over the listed spec BTW)

4 years ago by bserge

Tbf, anything can overtake those garage decorations.

4 years ago by zzt123

  The user identifies as a make (sic) in Tidworth with a history of “Tanks & AFV’s, CR2 Tank Commander, AFV Instr, D&M Instr, Gunnery Instr, Former ATDU”.
There are less than 250 Challenger 2 tanks. Combined with the rest of their professional experience, digital footprint, and copious words written, I imagine this person has sacrificed many bits of anonymity indeed.

4 years ago by space_ghost

There's a line in the TV show "The Newsroom," after a 4-star General speaks anonymously on air about alleged chemical weapons usage, that "Generals don't have dumb friends." Two minutes of cross-checking military records will be enough to figure out who this guy is.

4 years ago by lostlogin

Making 250 tanks is going to involve a hell of a lot of people. That said, I’m sure they’ll be found pretty quick.

4 years ago by zzt123

He apparently claims to be a current Challenger 2 commander.

4 years ago by fnord77

yup - he/she will be in custody by monday

4 years ago by worker767424

What if it was leaked by Russian intelligence?

4 years ago by worker767424

I'm serious. Or someone from another country's intelligence group went rogue and leaked it. I doubt Russia would be looking that hard for the leak, and there's no reason to assume the leak was from someone British.

4 years ago by inopinatus

"The Official Secrets Act is not there to protect Secrets, it is there to protect Officials."

— Sir Humphrey Appleby, Yes, Minister

4 years ago by gerdesj

A long running documentary, masquerading as an humorous sitcom.

4 years ago by secfirstmd

Can confirm.

I worked in Westminster for a bit. That and "The Thick of It" were actually more realistic than many staged managed and PR airbrushed documentaries I have seen.

4 years ago by acomjean

When I worked in defense they made us watch “ethics” videos.

One of the senarios was a software developer was moonlighting as a game dev and was using algorithms and parameters from his day job in the game.

We thought far fetched and crazy…

Apparently not.

4 years ago by edrxty

This happens more than you'd imagine. DCS World gets in hot water for this periodically. It doesn't help that these developers are all from Russia

4 years ago by duxup

I would think that classified or not ... you kinda assume almost all manuals eventually leak just based on the number of people with regular access.

4 years ago by zentiggr

I served on a submarine 20 years ago. Fire Control Technician... so fairly high clearance given what I had to operate, and against potentially whom.

There are a wealth of things I don't know anymore... and no one else will ever hear them from me unless I am absolutely certain that it's been declassified and is in public access.

While a system that can be abused to protect people from consequences will never be perfect, in general those of us who have to work with classified information understand that adversaries getting hold of it means more danger for our own people.

I do not assume this, and if I had met anyone who expressed that kind of expectation, I would have mentioned it up the chain - they have self identified as a weak link.

4 years ago by throwaway0a5e

There are orders of magnitude less submarine fire control techs than there are tank crew-members. I assure you, nobody "up the chain" who's deciding what does or doesn't go in a tank manual expects the material in it to remain secret more than temporarily. It's just not the kind of thing you can rely on when you're disseminating the document to thousands of people across hundreds of facilities.

Basically they tell you boots to STFU. And then then they base the rest of their decisions on the reasonable assumption that given time some of you will fail at that. Classic "defense in depth".

4 years ago by duxup

I wonder how many folks have access to a submarine fire control tech manual compared to a manual for a tank?

I'm guessing simply based on the numbers the likelihood of a tank manual leaking in some fashion (even accidentally), for any reason, is much higher than a fire control technician manual.

I would expect individual folks to do their job and not say 'well this will leak anyway'. But more generally I think expecting that 'this manual that we gave to thousands of people won't leak' would be absurd.

That second part is what I was getting at.

4 years ago by na85

I hold a security clearance. That's not what you assume. The clearance exists for the purpose of preventing disclosure and they take breaches very seriously. I know a guy who had the book thrown at him for causing a (fairly minor) breach.

Some stuff is "over classified" but the definition of classified data is that which if disclosed is harmful to the national interest, and they actively seek to prevent leaks.

4 years ago by skissane

> Some stuff is "over classified" but the definition of classified data is that which if disclosed is harmful to the national interest

Once a colleague was having some problem calling a product API. He wanted coding help. I asked to see his code. He said "Sorry, I can't show you the code, it is classified". I asked, "Can you boil the code down into a Short, Self Contained, Correct Example (SSCCE)?" "I can, but that will be classified too." "How can an SSCCE be classified?" "The customer is an intelligence agency, every line of code we write while on-site is classified automatically, trying to get anything declassified is a bureaucratic nightmare". Eventually he agreed that he could go home, and try to write an SSCCE from memory at home, and that wouldn't be classified. In the process of doing that he worked out the problem himself, told me he didn't need my help any more.

4 years ago by duxup

That's not what you assume as an individual because it's your job. Day to day you do the right thing.

Tell me how long you think a given tank manual that goes into the hands of all sorts of people stays secret? That's where you assume ... yeah probably not long.

4 years ago by lallysingh

The only ones who can answer that with any knowledge are in counterintelligence. And while the major powers may have copies now, the minor powers probably don't.

4 years ago by content_sesh

I've held clearances before and that was very much not the attitude of the security folks I met. But they were big fans of reminding you what happens if they catch you doing an unauthorized disclosure.

I was very low on the totem pole, so I can't know for certain what leadership actually expects. But it doesn't jibe with my experience that there would be some kind of "leak budget" similar to Google SRE "error budget".

4 years ago by krisoft

This feels like you guys are talking by each other.

You are right. Security folks don't treat leaks lightly. Ever. This is part of how they maintain compliance with the rules.

But I don't think this is what the GP commenter talked about. You definitely design weapons, and doctrine and systems by assuming that it can leak to the enemy eventually. If your whole battle plan folds like wet tissue-paper just because the enemy got their hands on a single CAD file or manual then it wasn't a really good plan to begin with. Exhaust ports of doom are nice plot devices for movies, but in reality you try to avoid designed-in Achilles heels. And you do this because leaks happen.

Some information get leaked by carelessness, some by disgruntled employees, some are stolen by spies, some are picked up from a wreckage, some are stolen in transit, some are deduced from signal intelligence.

You can design mitigations against all of these. The scary security folks you mentioned are mitigation against the first two really. Their existence and behaviour doesn't have any bearing on what the leadership will expect.

4 years ago by duxup

I'm sure everyone involved certainly had the attitude that you don't dork up / release it.

I think just from a super high level intelligence standpoint ... you know it is going to happen.

4 years ago by Aeolun

Almost as if it’s deliberate.

4 years ago by doodlebugging

It also doesn't help that this game has been used in the past to spread trojans to user's machines.

As a War Thunder player thru Steam, I quit playing when my system monitors flagged an update from War Thunder as a malicious trojan. That was a couple or three years ago.

Cool game though.

4 years ago by baud147258

Couldn't the identified trojan be some kind of anti-cheat software? Those sometime require elevated access to check what's running on the computer

4 years ago by doodlebugging

There may have been some "normal" component added to the update that I downloaded that was designed to verify that the machine could run the software after the update. I don't know how common anti-cheat functionality is in Steam distributions so if that is a thing and if it behaved in a manner that would trigger a trojan downloader warning from Malwarebytes then that could explain it.

I enjoy(ed) the game a lot. Great graphics, reasonable sounds, good tools for choosing and maintaining your tanks, planes, etc. I thought it was one of the best tank battle simulators online. I have to keep a low threshold though for potential spyware, etc since I use my machine for work. It is a one strike and you're out thing with me to use a baseball analogy.

4 years ago by doodlebugging

Replying to my own comment to chuckle at the fact that I got downvoted for stating a fact. A sad kind of chuckle, but still a chuckle.

4 years ago by GekkePrutser

I would imagine that if a game developer has access to a classified document, that actual enemies already own that document and the real harm has been done long ago.

4 years ago by duxup

I think the bigger issue is that this rando user had the document, and I think that means it was already out / online?

Amusing context, but I suspect whatever important thing happened with this document, it already happened. And that's assuming it was actually real / classified.

4 years ago by munificent

> this rando user

Lots of people rightly have access to classified information. This user is likely to be a soldier and tank operator. Many of these people also play videogames. And apparently some fraction of those are dumb enough to leak classified info.

4 years ago by duxup

I wouldn't doubt it. Russia had problems with soldiers posting photos online... while working in / around Ukraine.

4 years ago by ethbr0

You mean while vacationing with their service weapons in So^H^HRussian Crimea? /s

4 years ago by handrous

That happened a ton, but I never got the impression it was a problem for them. Was it?

4 years ago by chrisseaton

> this rando user had the document

They’re a Challenger instructor. Who else do you think the document is for?

4 years ago by duxup

Wouldn't the crews have this manual to?

Or rando IT guy?

4 years ago by adolph

No, for M1 series the crew manual (back in the day) just says it is secret stuff and to cover it with a tarp it with a tarp if the outer armor exposes it. That goes for the front of the turret, hull and the first track cover.

4 years ago by ethanbond

And the mechanics

And the archivist

And the printer

And so on and so forth

Even highly sensitive info must be handled by a lot of people in a modern military.

4 years ago by some_random

It's not a rando user, it's a TC of a Challenger 2.

4 years ago by angry_octet

It seems like everybody is jumping to assume things that haven't been remotely proved, e.g.: - That the forum poster is in the British Army. - That they are British. - That the manual is current and true.

First, low grade manuals (like UK RESTRICTED) are not very secret. This could even by an FI disinfo op to make people think a current RAC officer would be dumb enough to post a classified document online, a great way to create bad publicity from a low grade document which has nothing further to tell you.

Nothing in this manual will say anything about armour or engine capabilities or weapons that isn't already known to adversaries or easily determined from photos. Chill already.

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